A new chemical class of potent DPP-4 inhibitors structurally derived from the xanthine scaffold for the treatment of type 2 diabetes has been discovered and evaluated. Systematic structural variations have led to 1 (BI 1356), a highly potent, selective, long-acting, and orally active DPP-4 inhibitor that shows considerable blood glucose lowering in different animal species. 1 is currently undergoing clinical phase IIb trials and holds the potential for once-daily treatment of type 2 diabetics.
        
Representative scheme of DPP4N_Peptidase_S9 structure and an image from PDBsum server
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Databases
PDB-Sum
2RGU Previously Class, Architecture, Topology and Homologous superfamily - PDB-Sum server
FSSP
2RGUFold classification based on Structure-Structure alignment of Proteins - FSSP server