(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Bacteria: NE > Proteobacteria: NE > Gammaproteobacteria: NE > Enterobacterales: NE > Yersiniaceae: NE > Yersinia: NE > Yersinia enterocolitica: NE
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acide identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Yersinia enterocolitica LC20: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica 8081: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica Y11: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica PhRBD_Ye1: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica 105.5R(r): N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica W22703: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica (type O:9) str. YE56/03: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica YE-149: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica (type O:5) str. YE53/03: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica YE-P1: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica IP 10393: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica (type O:5,27) str. YE149/02: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica YE-P4: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica (type O:3) str. YE12/03: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica (type O:9) str. YE212/02: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica (type O:2) str. YE3094/96: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. palearctica YE-150: N, E.
Yersinia enterocolitica subsp. enterocolitica WA-314: N, E.
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MSISVSLARPVPLAGLMNQVQPIEQVKKENSTPVGSSNQLQKESASLTPT QVGNNVYYSMLASLGISRGERVLAASDNVPISSGQGSQQADYSLALLAKD VYAPAARSIGGFTRLGDAALLSAGIDPASLSDTASGFQAGIYSDNQQYVL SFAGTNDIQDWLSNIRQATGYEDVQYNQAVALGKTAKMAFGDALVITGHS LGGGLAATAALASGTFAVTFNAAGVSDHTLNRLGMNPAQARQSAEGGGIR RYSEQHDLLTDTQESTSLIPDAIGHKITLANSDKLAGVNDWLPHKHLERS LAAHGIDKVLSSMNEQQPWERQYA
The human enteropathogen, Yersinia enterocolitica, is a significant link in the range of Yersinia pathologies extending from mild gastroenteritis to bubonic plague. Comparison at the genomic level is a key step in our understanding of the genetic basis for this pathogenicity spectrum. Here we report the genome of Y. enterocolitica strain 8081 (serotype 0:8; biotype 1B) and extensive microarray data relating to the genetic diversity of the Y. enterocolitica species. Our analysis reveals that the genome of Y. enterocolitica strain 8081 is a patchwork of horizontally acquired genetic loci, including a plasticity zone of 199 kb containing an extraordinarily high density of virulence genes. Microarray analysis has provided insights into species-specific Y. enterocolitica gene functions and the intraspecies differences between the high, low, and nonpathogenic Y. enterocolitica biotypes. Through comparative genome sequence analysis we provide new information on the evolution of the Yersinia. We identify numerous loci that represent ancestral clusters of genes potentially important in enteric survival and pathogenesis, which have been lost or are in the process of being lost, in the other sequenced Yersinia lineages. Our analysis also highlights large metabolic operons in Y. enterocolitica that are absent in the related enteropathogen, Yersinia pseudotuberculosis, indicating major differences in niche and nutrients used within the mammalian gut. These include clusters directing, the production of hydrogenases, tetrathionate respiration, cobalamin synthesis, and propanediol utilisation. Along with ancestral gene clusters, the genome of Y. enterocolitica has revealed species-specific and enteropathogen-specific loci. This has provided important insights into the pathology of this bacterium and, more broadly, into the evolution of the genus. Moreover, wider investigations looking at the patterns of gene loss and gain in the Yersinia have highlighted common themes in the genome evolution of other human enteropathogens.
Some isolates of Yersinia enterocolitica exhibit phospholipase activity, which has been linked to lecithin-dependent hemolysis (M. Tsubokura, K. Otsoki, I. Shimohira, and H. Yamamoto, Infect. Immun. 25:939-942, 1979). A gene encoding Y. enterocolitica phospholipase was identified, and analysis of the nucleotide sequence revealed two tandemly transcribed open reading frames. The first, yplA, has 74% identity and 85% similarity to the phospholipase A found in Serratia liquefaciens. Though the other, yplB, was less similar to the downstream accessory protein found in S. liquefaciens, the organization in both species is similar. Subsequently, a yplA-null Y. enterocolitica strain, YEDS10, was constructed and demonstrated to be phospholipase negative by plate and spectrophotometric assays. To ascertain whether the phospholipase has a role in pathogenesis, YEDS10 was tested in the mouse model. In experiments with perorally infected BALB/c mice, fewer YEDS10 organisms were recovered from the mesenteric lymph nodes and Peyer's patches (PP) than the parental strain at 3 or 5 days postinfection. Furthermore, bowel tissue and PP infected with YEDS10 appeared to be less inflamed than those infected with the parental strain. When extremely high doses of both the parental and YEDS10 strains were given, similar numbers of viable bacteria were recovered from the PP and mesenteric lymph nodes on day 3. However, the numbers of foci and the extent of inflammation and necrosis within them were noticeably less for YEDS10 compared to the parental strain. Together these findings suggest that Y. enterocolitica produces a phospholipase A which has a role in pathogenesis.
