(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) > cellular organisms: NE > Bacteria: NE > Terrabacteria group: NE > Firmicutes: NE > Bacilli: NE > Lactobacillales: NE > Lactobacillaceae: NE > Lactobacillus: NE > Lactobacillus brevis: NE
Warning: This entry is a compilation of different species or line or strain with more than 90% amino acid identity. You can retrieve all strain data
(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.) Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 367: N, E.
Lactobacillus brevis ATCC 14869 = DSM 20054: N, E.
Lactobacillus brevis subsp. gravesensis ATCC 27305: N, E.
Lactobacillus brevis BSO 464: N, E.
Lactobacillus brevis KB290: N, E.
MIRKPTPLFFEQGPQAVILLHAYSGSSNDMRLLARRLQSENYTVLAPIFS
GHATGDPADILRQGSPQQWWQDTQTAIANLRQRGYQQIAIFGLSLGGLFA
TRALMADPELQGGGTIASPVIFRGQTNVPATFMQMAQADYQSQGLSVDEQ
TKRLAWLKEQLPAQLTAIQAFADTTATHLERVKQPVFIAQGDADQMIDPR
SGQWLADAYPSEQIDFHEYAGAGHVLTVNAAHHVLETDILAFLQTIFKNN
EE
LegendThis sequence has been compared to family alignement (MSA) red => minority aminoacid blue => majority aminoacid color intensity => conservation rate title => sequence position(MSA position)aminoacid rate Catalytic site Catalytic site in the MSA MIRKPTPLFFEQGPQAVILLHAYSGSSNDMRLLARRLQSENYTVLAPIFS GHATGDPADILRQGSPQQWWQDTQTAIANLRQRGYQQIAIFGLSLGGLFA TRALMADPELQGGGTIASPVIFRGQTNVPATFMQMAQADYQSQGLSVDEQ TKRLAWLKEQLPAQLTAIQAFADTTATHLERVKQPVFIAQGDADQMIDPR SGQWLADAYPSEQIDFHEYAGAGHVLTVNAAHHVLETDILAFLQTIFKNN EE
References
Title: Role of plasmids in Lactobacillus brevis BSO 464 hop tolerance and beer spoilage Bergsveinson J, Baecker N, Pittet V, Ziola B Ref: Applied Environmental Microbiology, 81:1234, 2015 : PubMed
Specific isolates of lactic acid bacteria (LAB) can grow in the harsh beer environment, thus posing a threat to brew quality and the economic success of breweries worldwide. Plasmid-localized genes, such as horA, horC, and hitA, have been suggested to confer hop tolerance, a trait required for LAB survival in beer. The presence and expression of these genes among LAB, however, do not universally correlate with the ability to grow in beer. Genome sequencing of the virulent beer spoilage organism Lactobacillus brevis BSO 464 revealed the presence of eight plasmids, with plasmids 1, 2, and 3 containing horA, horC, and hitA, respectively. To investigate the roles that these and the other five plasmids play in L. brevis BSO 464 growth in beer, plasmid curing with novobiocin was used to derive 10 plasmid variants. Multiplex PCRs were utilized to determine the presence or absence of each plasmid, and how plasmid loss affected hop tolerance and growth in degassed (noncarbonated) beer was assessed. Loss of three of the eight plasmids was found to affect hop tolerance and growth in beer. Loss of plasmid 2 (horC and 28 other genes) had the most dramatic effect, with loss of plasmid 4 (120 genes) and plasmid 8 (47 genes) having significant, but smaller, impacts. These results support the contention that genes on mobile genetic elements are essential for bacterial growth in beer and that beer spoilage ability is not dependent solely on the three previously described hop tolerance genes or on the chromosome of a beer spoilage LAB isolate.
We determined the complete genome sequence of Lactobacillus brevis KB290, a probiotic lactic acid bacterium isolated from a traditional Japanese fermented vegetable. The genome contained a 2,395,134-bp chromosome that housed 2,391 protein-coding genes and nine plasmids that together accounted for 191 protein-coding genes. KB290 contained no virulence factor genes, and several genes related to presumptive cell wall-associated polysaccharide biosynthesis and the stress response were present in L. brevis KB290 but not in the closely related L. brevis ATCC 367. Plasmid-curing experiments revealed that the presence of plasmid pKB290-1 was essential for the strain's gastrointestinal tract tolerance and tendency to aggregate. Using next-generation deep sequencing of current and 18-year-old stock strains to detect low frequency variants, we evaluated genome stability. Deep sequencing of four periodic KB290 culture stocks with more than 1,000-fold coverage revealed 3 mutation sites and 37 minority variation sites, indicating long-term stability and providing a useful method for assessing the stability of industrial bacteria at the nucleotide level.
Lactic acid-producing bacteria are associated with various plant and animal niches and play a key role in the production of fermented foods and beverages. We report nine genome sequences representing the phylogenetic and functional diversity of these bacteria. The small genomes of lactic acid bacteria encode a broad repertoire of transporters for efficient carbon and nitrogen acquisition from the nutritionally rich environments they inhabit and reflect a limited range of biosynthetic capabilities that indicate both prototrophic and auxotrophic strains. Phylogenetic analyses, comparison of gene content across the group, and reconstruction of ancestral gene sets indicate a combination of extensive gene loss and key gene acquisitions via horizontal gene transfer during the coevolution of lactic acid bacteria with their habitats.
