Gene_locus Report for: echmu-u6hbw4

Other strains: Echinococcus multilocularis (Fox tapeworm), Echinococcus granulosus (Hydatid tapeworm)

(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.)
> cellular organisms: N E > Eukaryota: N E > Opisthokonta: N E > Metazoa: N E > Eumetazoa: N E > Bilateria: N E > Platyhelminthes: N E > Cestoda: N E > Eucestoda: N E > Cyclophyllidea: N E > Taeniidae: N E > Echinococcus: N E > Echinococcus multilocularis: N E

Title: The genomes of four tapeworm species reveal adaptations to parasitism
Tsai IJ, Zarowiecki M, Holroyd N, Garciarrubio A, Sanchez-Flores A, Brooks KL, Tracey A, Bobes RJ, Fragoso G and Berriman M <42 more author(s)> Tsai IJ, Zarowiecki M, Holroyd N, Garciarrubio A, Sanchez-Flores A, Brooks KL, Tracey A, Bobes RJ, Fragoso G, Sciutto E, Aslett M, Beasley H, Bennett HM, Cai J, Camicia F, Clark R, Cucher M, De Silva N, Day TA, Deplazes P, Estrada K, Fernandez C, Holland PW, Hou J, Hu S, Huckvale T, Hung SS, Kamenetzky L, Keane JA, Kiss F, Koziol U, Lambert O, Liu K, Luo X, Luo Y, Macchiaroli N, Nichol S, Paps J, Parkinson J, Pouchkina-Stantcheva N, Riddiford N, Rosenzvit M, Salinas G, Wasmuth JD, Zamanian M, Zheng Y, Cai X, Soberon X, Olson PD, Laclette JP, Brehm K, Berriman M (- 42)
Ref: Nature, 496:57, 2013 : PubMed
Abstract


ESTHER: Tsai_2013_Nature_496_57
PubMedSearch: Tsai 2013 Nature 496 57
PubMedID: 23485966
Gene_locus related to this paper: echgr-k4epc5, hymmi-a0a068x9f5, echmu-u6hbw4, echgr-w6ugl0, echmu-u6hr32, echmu-a0a068y5f4, hymmi-a0a068xag4, hymmi-a0a068x810, hymmi-a0a068xcc1, echmu-a0a068yf54, echgr-a0a068wxj3, echgr-a0a068wgw1, hymmi-a0a068xge7, hymmi-a0a068x8h9, echmu-a0a068y747, hymmi-a0a068xgj7, echgr-a0a068wl60

Abstract

Tapeworms (Cestoda) cause neglected diseases that can be fatal and are difficult to treat, owing to inefficient drugs. Here we present an analysis of tapeworm genome sequences using the human-infective species Echinococcus multilocularis, E. granulosus, Taenia solium and the laboratory model Hymenolepis microstoma as examples. The 115- to 141-megabase genomes offer insights into the evolution of parasitism. Synteny is maintained with distantly related blood flukes but we find extreme losses of genes and pathways that are ubiquitous in other animals, including 34 homeobox families and several determinants of stem cell fate. Tapeworms have specialized detoxification pathways, metabolism that is finely tuned to rely on nutrients scavenged from their hosts, and species-specific expansions of non-canonical heat shock proteins and families of known antigens. We identify new potential drug targets, including some on which existing pharmaceuticals may act. The genomes provide a rich resource to underpin the development of urgently needed treatments and control.



        

Title: The genome of the hydatid tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus
Zheng H, Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Li J, Lu G, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Huang Y and Wang S <21 more author(s)> Zheng H, Zhang W, Zhang L, Zhang Z, Li J, Lu G, Zhu Y, Wang Y, Huang Y, Liu J, Kang H, Chen J, Wang L, Chen A, Yu S, Gao Z, Jin L, Gu W, Wang Z, Zhao L, Shi B, Wen H, Lin R, Jones MK, Brejova B, Vinar T, Zhao G, McManus DP, Chen Z, Zhou Y, Wang S (- 21)
Ref: Nat Genet, 45:1168, 2013 : PubMed
Abstract


ESTHER: Zheng_2013_Nat.Genet_45_1168
PubMedSearch: Zheng 2013 Nat.Genet 45 1168
PubMedID: 24013640
Gene_locus related to this paper: echgr-k4epc5, echmu-u6hbw4, echgr-w6ugl0, echgr-w6u7y4, echgr-w6vaq5, echgr-a0a068wxj3, echgr-a0a068wgw1, echgr-a0a068wl60

Abstract

Cystic echinococcosis (hydatid disease), caused by the tapeworm E. granulosus, is responsible for considerable human morbidity and mortality. This cosmopolitan disease is difficult to diagnose, treat and control. We present a draft genomic sequence for the worm comprising 151.6 Mb encoding 11,325 genes. Comparisons with the genome sequences from other taxa show that E. granulosus has acquired a spectrum of genes, including the EgAgB family, whose products are secreted by the parasite to interact and redirect host immune responses. We also find that genes in bile salt pathways may control the bidirectional development of E. granulosus, and sequence differences in the calcium channel subunit EgCavbeta1 may be associated with praziquantel sensitivity. Our study offers insights into host interaction, nutrient acquisition, strobilization, reproduction, immune evasion and maturation in the parasite and provides a platform to facilitate the development of new, effective treatments and interventions for echinococcosis control.