Gene_locus Report for: camsi-SCPL5

CsSCPL5 has a T instead of the serine in the catalytic triad: probably no catalytic activity but partner of CsSCPL4

(Below N is a link to NCBI taxonomic web page and E link to ESTHER at designed phylum.)
> cellular organisms: N E > Eukaryota: N E > Viridiplantae: N E > Streptophyta: N E > Streptophytina: N E > Embryophyta: N E > Tracheophyta: N E > Euphyllophyta: N E > Spermatophyta: N E > Magnoliophyta: N E > Mesangiospermae: N E > eudicotyledons: N E > Gunneridae: N E > Pentapetalae: N E > asterids: N E > Ericales: N E > Theaceae: N E > Camellia: N E > Camellia sinensis: N E

Title: Insights into acylation mechanisms: co-expression of serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferases and their non-catalytic companion paralogs
Yao S, Liu Y, Zhuang J, Zhao Y, Dai X, Jiang C, Wang Z, Jiang X, Zhang S and Xia T <6 more author(s)> Yao S, Liu Y, Zhuang J, Zhao Y, Dai X, Jiang C, Wang Z, Jiang X, Zhang S, Qian Y, Tai Y, Wang Y, Wang H, Xie DY, Gao L, Xia T (- 6)
Ref: Plant J, 111:117, 2022 : PubMed
Abstract


ESTHER: Yao_2022_Plant.J_111_117
PubMedSearch: Yao 2022 Plant.J 111 117
PubMedID: 35437852
Gene_locus related to this paper: dioka-dkSCPL1, camsi-SCPL5, camsi-SCPL4

Abstract

Serine carboxypeptidase-like acyltransferases (SCPL-ATs) play a vital role in the diversification of plant metabolites. Galloylated flavan-3-ols highly accumulate in tea (Camellia sinensis), grape (Vitis vinifera), and persimmon (Diospyros kaki). To date, the biosynthetic mechanism of these compounds remains unknown. Herein, we report that two SCPL-AT paralogs are involved in galloylation of flavan-3-ols: CsSCPL4, which contains the conserved catalytic triad S-D-H, and CsSCPL5, which has the alternative triad T-D-Y. Integrated data from transgenic plants, recombinant enzymes, and gene mutations showed that CsSCPL4 is a catalytic acyltransferase, while CsSCPL5 is a non-catalytic companion paralog (NCCP). Co-expression of CsSCPL4 and CsSCPL5 is likely responsible for the galloylation. Furthermore, pull-down and co-immunoprecipitation assays showed that CsSCPL4 and CsSCPL5 interact, increasing protein stability and promoting post-translational processing. Moreover, phylogenetic analyses revealed that their homologs co-exist in galloylated flavan-3-ol- or hydrolyzable tannin-rich plant species. Enzymatic assays further revealed the necessity of co-expression of those homologs for acyltransferase activity. Evolution analysis revealed that the mutations of the CsSCPL5 catalytic residues may have taken place about 10 million years ago. These findings show that the co-expression of SCPL-ATs and their NCCPs contributes to the acylation of flavan-3-ols in the plant kingdom.